We were the first mass movement against a war in American … New Zealand has seen many demonstrations, strikes, marches and campaigns by protesters voicing opinions against wars, laws and events. New Zealand Vietnam veterans, like their Australian and American counterparts, had to adjust to various consequences of fighting in an unpopular war. April 1963: NZ civilian surgical team arrives in VietnamJune 1964: NEWZAD arrives in VietnamJuly 1965: NEWZAD withdrawn; 161 Battery RNZA arrives in VietnamJune 1966: 161 Bty comes under operational control of 1ATF at Nui Dat, Phuoc Tuy provinceAugust 1966: 161 Bty involved in the Battle of Long TanApril 1967: NZSMT arrives in VietnamMay 1967: V Company 1RNZIR arrives in VietnamNovember 1967: V Coy replaced by V2 CoyDecember 1967: W Company 1RNZIR arrives in VietnamMarch 1968: NZ infantry companies integrate with 2RAR to form 2RAR/NZ (Anzac) Battalion at Nui Dat, Phuoc Tuy provinceMay 1968: V2 Coy replaced by V3 CoyNovember 1968: W Coy replaced by W2 CoyMay 1969: V3 Coy replaced by V4 CoyNovember 1969: W2 Coy replaced by W3 CoyMay 1970: V4 Coy replaced by V5 CoyNovember 1970: W3 Coy withdrawn from VietnamJanuary 1971: 1NZATTV arrives in VietnamMay 1971: 161 Bty withdrawn from Vietnam; V5 Coy replaced by V6 CoyDecember 1971: NZSMT and V6 Coy withdrawn from VietnamMarch 1972: 2NZATTV arrives in VietnamDecember 1972: Training teams withdrawn from VietnamMarch 1975: NZ civilian surgical team withdrawn from VietnamApril 1975: NZ Ambassador evacuated from Saigon; last RNZAF flight out of Vietnam, See detailed timeline (VietnamWar.govt.nz). Over 20 RNZAF personnel served with a variety of U.S Air Force units as Forward Air Controllers, and a number of pilots and crew from No. [7] It was seen as in the nation's best interests to do so—failure to contribute even a token force to the effort in Vietnam would have undermined New Zealand's position in ANZUS and could have had an adverse effect on the alliance itself. In late March 1966, a series of protests took place over three days across America. 1 NZATTV was made up of advisors from all branches of service, a number of whom had served in the RNZIR companies and in other New Zealand branches of service. RNZAF personnel were also posted to HQ V Force and worked primarily in Saigon in a range of liaison duties. The National government's policy avoided any confrontation with Washington – in stark contrast to New Zealand’s anti-nuclear stance in the 1980s. (The Vietnam War had spilled over into neighbouring Cambodia in 1970.). In December a second Victor Company was deployed to Vietnam and was joined by Whisky Company in December, both from the 1st Battalion. New Zealand police raids: Ruatoki and throughout the country Several people charged as terrorists, but not found guilty for that offence. [24], The New Zealand infantry companies in 6 RAR/NZ played major roles in two extremely significant and successful operations conducted by the 1st Australian Task Force in 1969 and 1970. [81] This is the first Australian Unit Citation for Gallantry offered to a New Zealand military unit.[82]. From 1960, insurgents from the communist-dominated National Liberation Front – dubbed ‘Viet Cong’ in the south – fought a guerrilla campaign against a South Vietnamese regime that was now led by Ngo Dinh Diem. From 1966, New Zealand units were integrated within the 1st Australian Task Force at Nui Dat in Phuoc Tuy province. To offset Whisky 3's withdrawal, in January 1971 the New Zealand government committed the 1st New Zealand Army Training Team (1 NZATTV) to Vietnam. The 2IC for this rotation was RNZIR Major Roy Thomas Victor Taylor. New Zealand non-military economic assistance would continue from 1966 onwards and averaged at US$347,500 annually. The government wanted to maintain solidarity with the United States, but was unsure about the likely outcome of external military intervention in Vietnam. Protests against the war also accelerated. These RNZE Detachments helped set up the NZ artillery battery when it moved to Nui Dat in September 1966 and again for Victor One Company RNZIR from early November to December 1967. It was decided the battery would join 1ATF and serve with Royal Australian Artillery field regiments. New Zealand and the Vietnam War images from Alexander Turnbull Library 1969. While Prime Minister Holyoake and his government had their own misgivings about the viability of the war, they were consistent in their public belief that they were maintaining both New Zealand's foreign policy principles and treaty-bound obligations. Not until June 1964 did twenty-five Army engineers arrive in South Vietnam. )[43] Both New Zealand Army training teams consisted mainly of RNZIR personnel. [87] The MoU provides formal acknowledgement of the toxic environment New Zealand Vietnam Veterans faced during their service abroad in Vietnam, and the after-effects of that toxin since the servicemen and women returned to New Zealand. The Vietnam war and the dissonance of a US at odds with itself throb in the surreal chaos Hendrix makes of a song written in 1813 to express love of the flag: O … By the latter stages of the war, the anti-war movement had merged with other major causes – women's rights, the anti-apartheid movement – to spawn what some termed the ‘Vietnam Generation’. All non-text content is subject to specific conditions. Numbering 25 men from different branches of service of the New Zealand Army, including RNZIR, RNZA, RNZE, RNZEME, RNZAMC, RNZAC, RNZSigs, RNZASC, and RNZAOC, it assisted the United States Army Training Team in Chi Lang. 1969: Flour bombs, paint and eggs thrown in protest over a visit of a high-ranking United States politician. In 2014 it was revised by Gareth Phipps. One RNZAF member of the NZSMT, Sgt Gordon Watt, was killed by a booby trap in 1970, the RNZAF's only casualty of the war. The second Indo-China War began as a civil war. Meet the NZHistory.net.nz team, New Zealand gunners loading L5 Howitzer into APC. Despite a brief upsurge in protests following and resumption of the air war against North Vietnam in the spring of 1972, the factionalization of the movement and the withdrawal of most U.S. forces led to a decline in protests. 'Headquarters Vietnam Force (HQ V Force)' | URL: New Zealand Component (NZ Component) URL: 4th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, URL: W3 Company - Service Stories: Operations ROSS and MARSDEN, URL: 'September 1970 - W3 COMPANY ACTIVITIES' URL: 'Unit notes - Vietnam Veterans List - New Zealand Army Training Teams (1 NZATTV, 2 NZATTV and ATTV)' URL: 4 Battalion The Royal Australian Regiment (4RAR/NZ) ANZAC URL: British Empire Medal (BEM) James Michael Benyon, URL: '2NZATTV departure from SVN - 19 Dec 72', URL: Learn how and when to remove this template message, Royal New Zealand Electrical and Mechanical Engineers, 161st (Independent) Reconnaissance Flight, Military history of Australia during the Vietnam War, Military Reenactment Society of New Zealand, "New Zealand's response – NZ and the Vietnam War | NZHistory, New Zealand history online", "We cannot afford to be left too far behind Australia: New Zealand's entry into the Vietnam War in May 1965", https://vietnamwar.govt.nz/resources/unit-notes#hqvforce, http://premierstrategics.com/nzvietnam/nzhqvforce.html, "SSgt Graham Richard Grigg | VietnamWar.govt.nz, New Zealand and the Vietnam War", "Unit notes - Vietnam Veterans List | VietnamWar.govt.nz, New Zealand and the Vietnam War", "(1945–1975) The RNZN in Vietnam – the work of the NZ Services Medical Team", https://vietnamwar.govt.nz/resources/unit-notes, "Maj Robert Ian Thorpe | VietnamWar.govt.nz, New Zealand and the Vietnam War", http://www.diggerhistory.info/pages-conflicts-periods/vietnam/rnzir.htm, "Maj Neville Alan Wallace | VietnamWar.govt.nz, New Zealand and the Vietnam War", https://www.w3vietnam.org.nz/story_4.htm#enemy%20camp, http://www.v4coy.com/operation-marsden.html, http://6rarassociation.com/docs/Long%20Tan%20to%20the%20Nui%20May%20Tao%20-%20%20Report.pdf, "6th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment", https://www.w3vietnam.org.nz/timeline11.htm, http://www.v4coy.com/operation-with-the-arvn.html, http://www.w3vietnam.org.nz/document/Op_RAVEN_FEB79.pdf, "Maj Roy Thomas Victor Taylor | VietnamWar.govt.nz, New Zealand and the Vietnam War", https://vietnamwar.govt.nz/resources/unit-notes#nztraining, http://vvaavic.org.au/4-battalion-the-royal-australian-regiment-4rar, "Maj Donald Stuart McIver | VietnamWar.govt.nz, New Zealand and the Vietnam War", "Post-war operations – Royal NZ Navy | NZHistory, New Zealand history online", https://vietnamwar.govt.nz/sites/default/files/documents/honours-awards/bennett-bem.pdf, "Cpl Royston Ward Lindsay | VietnamWar.govt.nz, New Zealand and the Vietnam War", "Tpr John William Riches Osborne | VietnamWar.govt.nz, New Zealand and the Vietnam War", "LCpl Alen Laurence Robbie | VietnamWar.govt.nz, New Zealand and the Vietnam War", "Cpl Kevin Ralph Herewini | VietnamWar.govt.nz, New Zealand and the Vietnam War", "Spr Rawhiti Hoera Brown | VietnamWar.govt.nz, New Zealand and the Vietnam War", "Spr Jerry Tauri Barrett | VietnamWar.govt.nz, New Zealand and the Vietnam War", "National Order of the Republic of Vietnam (5th Class) Kenneth Charles Fenton 30202. In New York City, protesters paraded and held a rally in Central Park. Officials and politicians in Wellington had doubts about the prospects of success in defending South Vietnam. Home The 2IC was filled by RNZIR Officer, Major Robert Ian Thorpe.[17][18]. The Vietnam War − sometimes referred to as the Second Indo-China War or the American War − lasted from about 1960 until 1975. Many New Zealand individuals received military awards for activities in Vietnam, including American military service awards and citations. The struggle in Vietnam was part of a broader Cold War between the communist bloc headed by the Soviet Union and its former wartime allies in the West. [34] This tour continued to be focused mainly upon the "Pacification" program which 1 ATF had adopted as its first priority in April 1969. The government preferred minimal involvement, with other South East Asian deployments already placing a strain on New Zealand's armed forces. This action was intended to offset the departure of the New Zealand rifle company, Whisky 3, which left in November 1970. Commercial re-use may be allowed on request. As that conflict escalated, the protests grew in strength, and some turned violent. 40 Squadron RNZAF providing troop transport for New Zealand, Australian and some American troops, and No. But the students all acted from a common belief that the Vietnam War was wrong. While firmly committed to the Western Allies' policy of containing the Soviets, it was reluctant to become involved in Vietnam. Like veterans from many of the other allied nations, as well as Vietnamese civilians, New Zealand veterans of the Vietnam War claimed that they (as well as their children and grandchildren) had suffered serious harm as a result of exposure to Agent Orange. One member also served in 1 NZATTV.[62]. Thirty-seven men died while on active service and 187 were wounded. 1969: Fire crackers thrown at an election meeting addressed by the Prime Minister with 30 arrests. Robert John Sutherland Munro G30803. Following the end of the Indonesia–Malaysia Confrontation, New Zealand came under renewed pressure from Washington to expand its commitment in Vietnam. New techniques. New Zealand entered the war in 1965 to support the United States and its allies. The final and sole New Zealand infantry company was integrated with B, C, and D companies of 4 RAR to become 4 RAR/NZ (ANZAC) for the second time. On 16 July 1965, they fired their first shells near Saigon (now Ho Chi Minh City). [80], In 2019 the Australian government awarded the Australian Unit Citation for Gallantry to all members of 161 Battery for their part in the Battle of Coral-Balmoral. In May 1965, Prime Minister Keith Holyoake announced that New Zealand would send a combat unit to join the United States-led coalition in Vietnam. The New Zealand publics’ opinion was polarized due to New Zealand’s involvement in the war, and public debate was generated over New Zealand’s foreign policy in particular how it relied on an alliance-based security. America had been through nearly twenty years of the Cold War and they were … They knew better than anyone else the horrors of war, post-traumatic stress disorder, health problems caused by agent orange and other chemicals. Some RNZEME personnel served in the RNZIR rifle companies, the ANZAC Battalions (Command & Support), as well as at the New Zealand V Force HQ in Saigon. Instead in April 1963 New Zealand confined its assistance to sending a civilian surgical team. Holyoake was reluctant to commit troops and was drawn into the Vietnam War due to the pressure from America to uphold the ANZUS and SEATO treaty’s, which had been signed in 1951 and 1954. Although New Zealand's involvement in the war was very limited compared to the contributions of some of its allies, it still triggered a large anti-Vietnam War movement at home. Instead, our participation reflected this country's increasingly strong defence ties with the United States and Australia. Comments will be reviewed prior to posting. [47] The last RNZAF flight out from Vietnam was the evacuation of the New Zealand Ambassador in April 1975,[48] just before the Fall of Saigon. The potential adverse effect on the ANZUS alliance of not supporting the United States (and Australia) in Vietnam was key. RNZEME tradesmen also served with the New Zealand Services Medical Team in the town of Bong Son, in the Binh Dinh Province. These allowed people in and from New Zealand to view and experience the realities of international events and movements such as anti-Vietnam War protests, the new counter-culture in the United States and protests organized by the anti-apartheid movement. [53][54][55] Two RNZE sappers were killed while serving with the RNZIR infantry companies. Both companies served in the 1st Australian Task Force in Nui Dat, Phuoc Tuy Province. [35], Whisky 3 Company was withdrawn without replacement in November 1970. The New Zealand government resisted American pressure to contribute to the conflict because it doubted the effectiveness of external intervention and feared that this could spark a wider war, possibly with China. More than one million soldiers and perhaps two million civilians died during the war. This team also provided first aid instruction and specialist medical instruction at Dong Ba Thin's 50-bed hospital. The first was Operation Marsden (3–28 December 1969) in which Victor 3 Company discovered the major part of the K76A Hospital in the mountains where local enemy headquarters were located and from which the hospital was the major provider of medical services to all communist forces in the area. A Special Air Service (SAS) troop arrived the following year. Based at Dong Ba Thin, near Cam Ranh Bay, it helped train Cambodian battalions. New Zealand's Vietnam War. It also upheld New Zealand's national interests of countering communism in South-East Asia. Wicksteed, Major M.R. RNZA NZ Army Public Relations pamphlet. The New Zealand Army Detachment (NEWZAD) engineers were replaced by the Battery in July 1965, which consisted of nine officers and 101 other ranks and four 105 mm L5 pack howitzers (later increased to six, and in 1967 replaced with 105 mm M2A2 Howitzers). [32][33], At the end of April 1970, a new 2 RAR from Australia and new Victor Company from Singapore arrived and on 15 May, Whisky 3 (now six months into their tour) and Victor 5 merged with 2 RAR to became for the second time 2 RAR/NZ (ANZAC). By 1971 16 New Zealand pilots had served in 9 Squadron. As the last 1 ATF battalion left, 4 RAR/NZ moved the South Vietnamese forces fully into Nui Dat. [75], Two small RNZAF detachments were attached to U.S Marine Corps A-4 Skyhawk squadron VMA-311 at Chu Lai Air Base in January 1970 and October 1970. [19] On 1 June 2 RAR was replaced by 4th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (4 RAR) and the joint Australian and New Zealander infantry forces became 4 RAR/NZ (ANZAC) again with a New Zealander as 2IC, Major ATA Mataira. New Zealand at War The gunners were noted for their key role in assisting the 6th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, during the Battle of Long Tan, in which 18 Australians were killed holding off a regimental sized enemy force on 18 August 1966. Another source of bitterness has been the sense that, unlike Second World War veterans, they did not receive adequate recognition for their professional service in a demanding theatre of operations. [47], 161 Battery RNZA was awarded the United States Meritorious Unit Commendation for their service in South Vietnam while serving under the U.S 173rd Airborne Brigade. Prime Minister Holyoake said in 1971 that New Zealand's combat forces would be withdrawn by "about the end of this year," and they were – Whiskey Three Company went in November 1970, the SAS Troop and 161 Battery followed in February and May 1971 respectively, and Victor Six Company and the tri-service medical team left with the 1st Australian Task Force in December 1971, ending New Zealand's combat involvement in the Vietnam War. Lieutenant Colonel Royal NZ Engineers Headquarters NZ V Force", "United States Bronze Star with V Device Brian David Chippindale 822606. 1 ATF would be increasingly called upon to provide support to a number of civil community reconstruction projects and assist in the training of South Vietnamese forces. The New Zealand headquarters established in Saigon in 1964 was renamed "Headquarters Vietnam Force" (HQ V Force) on 2 July 1965. Click here for a full list of resources related to New Zealand's Vietnam War. [88] New Zealand writer and historian, Deborah Challinor, includes a new chapter in her second edition release of Grey Ghosts: New Zealand Vietnam Veterans Talk About Their War that discusses the handling of the New Zealand Vietnam Veterans' claims, including the Reeves, McLeod and Health Committee reports, and the reconciliation/welcome parade on Queen's Birthday Weekend, 2008, also known as 'Tribute 08'. [49], Each time New Zealand military contribution to South Vietnam increased, a work party of the Corps of Royal New Zealand Engineers was sent to assist in preparing the site for the new arrivals. On 30 April, a nationwide anti-war demonstration attracts 30,000 people to the streets demanding New Zealand's immediate withdrawal from Vietnam. The team worked for civilians at the Binh Dinh Province Hospital, in Qui Nhon, an overcrowded, and dirty facility almost completely lacking equipment and bedding. This conflict was also the first in which New Zealand did not fight alongside the United Kingdom, instead following the loyalties of the ANZUS Pact. The Vietnam War protests are still remembered on ANZAC Days in New Zealand for significance in the change of direction in New Zealand's foreign policy. [90][91][92] There have been continuing claims that the suburb of Paritutu has also been polluted. Large-scale actions such as the 1966 Battle of Long Tan were uncommon. Perhaps you have a related experience you would like to share? The lesson includes an information sheet and grid to complete as well as a complete power point. [36], On 6 May 1971 Victor 5 was replaced by Victor 6 and on 22 May 2 RAR was replaced by 4 RAR. On 16 April 1969, 1 ATF was advised of a change to operational priorities, with top priority given to eradicating the Viet Cong presence and influence among the civilian populations, followed by the upskilling of the South Vietnamese military forces. The protests mark a split in foreign policies between the two major political parties of Labour and National. The extensive US bombing campaigns were a focal point for protesters, with anti-Vietnam war groups organising mobilisations against the war in major towns and cities. The team's role was to provide medical and surgical assistance to South Vietnamese civilians and developing local knowledge in this field. [50], Other personnel of the RNZE also served in the 1st Australian Logistics Support Group (1 ALSG), at HQ V Force headquarters, and with 198 Works Section, Royal Australian Engineers. The image was of a Vietnam War memorial that had been vandalized. [13], In November 1968, New Zealand's contribution to the 1st Australian Task Force was increased by the deployment of 4 Troop, New Zealand Special Air Service, comprising an officer and 25 other ranks. Royal NZ Corps of Signals HQ 1 ATF", https://vietnamwar.govt.nz/photo/2nzattv-departure-svn-19-dec-72, https://nzhistory.govt.nz/media/photo/vietnam-war-map, https://vietnamwar.govt.nz/resources/about-vietnam-veterans-list, "75 Sqn Ground Crew in Vietnam 1970 | Wings Over New Zealand", "Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC) Edward Grant Steel", "Australia honours Kiwi Vietnam veterans with first-of-a-kind citation", "Kiwis to get Aussie Unit Citation for Gallantry", "Virtual Vietnam Veterans Wall of Faces – JAMES E LOTT – MARINE CORPS", "Fact sheet 9: Protest and the Vietnam War", "Joint Working Group: On Concerns of Viet Nam Veterans", "Viet Nam Veterans:Government's Response to the Joint Working Group on the Concerns of Viet Nam Veterans", "Government probes claims NZ exported Agent Orange", "NZ admits supplying Agent Orange during war", http://www.safe2use.com/ca-ipm/01-05-16c.htm, "Concern prompts new review of dioxin study", "Health support for Taranaki residents exposed to dioxin", Vietnam War Bibliography: Australia and New Zealand, New Zealand and the Vietnam War (NZHistory.net.nz), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_in_the_Vietnam_War&oldid=978702989, Use New Zealand English from February 2012, All Wikipedia articles written in New Zealand English, Articles needing additional references from May 2009, All articles needing additional references, All articles with links needing disambiguation, Articles with links needing disambiguation from June 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2016, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 1967: Two members of the left-wing Progressive Youth Movement lay a protest wreath on, 1967: 21 arrests during an Auckland protest against the visit of South Vietnam's Premier, Air Vice-Marshal. 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