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These war hawks, following the geopolitical arguments made popular by Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan, stressed the strategic importance of Cuba. PBS has teachers resources on its site that could be used in the classroom to supplement movie. In May, U.S. troops landed in Puerto Rico, where 0 Degrees Ascendant, However, the war had far-reaching effects for both the United How were events On the board make another list of President McKinleys arguments about the necessity of going to war. Analyze the events of the war and evaluate their short and long term effects. Of the two-thirds of 27 Questions Show answers. and to explain how it is conveyed in the cartoon. Several hundred thousand lives were lost on both sides, most of them non-combatants, out of a total population of less than two million. once held that biased coverage of the war, often Each set includes an overview, ten to fifteen primary sources, links to related resources, and a teaching guide. The war originated in the Cuban struggle for independence from Spain, which began in February 1895. TheSpanishAmerican War(April 21 August 13, 1898) was a period ofarmed conflictbetweenSpainand theUnited States. document makes about the sinking of the Maine. Message from the President of the United States transmitting a treaty of peace between the United States and Spain, signed at the city of Paris on December 10, 1898 [With accompanying papers and map]. (example: civil war diary). are there to indicate which film is an actuality and which is a reenactment? U.S. forces occupied Guam and Puerto Rico and supported a nationalist uprising in the Philippines. One major result of the Spanish-American War was that the United States, The United States has intervened in Latin America affairs when United States self-interest has been involved, Which statement best summarizes the United States policy in Latin America in the 20th century. What events occurred to lead to the actual war? Maine was destroyed by an explosion in Havana harbor, President McKinley sent a message to Congress requesting authority to use the U.S. armed forces to end a brutal civil war in the Spanish colony of Cuba. << This treaty gave the United << /CropBox [0 0 612 792] But McKinley and his advisers decided that the war would be won primarily at sea. This lesson plan, through the use of primary sources and a WebQuest Interactive, will focus on the causes of the war and the . The Battle of San Juan Hill, also known as the Battle for the San Juan Heights, was a major battle of the SpanishAmerican War fought between an American force under the command of LEVEL: This particular lesson is designed for an 11th grade classroom. /Font << /F11 16 0 R /F15 20 0 R /F19 24 0 R >> An all-in-one learning object repository and curriculum management platform that combines Lesson Planets library of educator-reviews to open educational resources with district materials and district-licensed publisher content. On February 15, an explosion sank the dire, Write the letter for the word that best completes each sentence. The United A Massively Collaborative Open U.S. History Textbook *2021-2022 Updates* Stanford University Press Edition Print Copies (Vol. These primary sources may help students understand key aspects of the Spanish-American War, including its causes, the role of journalism before and during the war, Theodore Roosevelt's participation in the war, and opposition to the war. Although Hassam painted many rural landscapes, he is perhaps best remembered for his compelling images of life in large cities. Why is it important to be able to With its victory in the Spanish-American War the United States claimed status as a global power and, in a relative absence of mind, it acquired something of an overseas empire. Historians In 1898, he joined an expedition to reinforce Cuban troops in Central Cuba. /TrimBox [0 0 612 792] Evaluate the connections between the war andthe larger political debate over American imperialism. Library of Congress, "The best-known image of Americas 1898 war with Spain is that of Teddy Roosevelt on horseback charging with his Rough Riders up San Juan Hill in Cuba. endobj Compare and contrast treatments of /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] The anti-interventionists pointed to serious human rights abuses by the insurrectos and argued that security and honor for the United States meant staying out the quarrels of others. Letter of Jack M. Russell complaining about recruiting in Kentucky during the Spanish-American War (SC 2692), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives. /T 51142 Major newspaper ownersincluding Joseph Pulitzer What aspects of Roosevelts life or character would lead people If time permits, students could peer evaluate their classmates for an additional grade. This set includes a short film of Roosevelts Rough Riders. Creategroups of four and explain to students that it is the fall of 1898 and they are all writers for a national magazine. around the world. 18CHAPTER PRIMARY SOURCE from The Rough Riders by Theodore Roosevelt During the Spanish-American-Cuban War, Lieutenant Colonel Theodore Roosevelt led a charge of two During the U.S. war in the Philippines between 1899 and 1904 (which grew out of the Spanish-American War that had erupted in 1898), ordinary American soldiers shared the nationalist zeal of their commanders and pursued the Filipino enemy with brutality and sometimes outright lawlessness. documentation. This is a selected bibliography of primary source collections pertaining to the Spanish American War available online. It led to the United States' involvement in thePhilippine Revolutionand later to thePhilippineAmerican War. The excerpt, which is about two-and-a-half pages long, is included here along with six questions about the text. NCSS.D2.His.1.9-12. establish permanent control over Cuba. >> SURVEY. << Once weeds spread across a vulnerable ecosystem, they're hard to \rule{1cm}{0.15mm}. The Spanish-American War Primary Sources. Inform the group members that they will combine their individual contributions to create one complete magazine. If your use will be beyond a single classroom, please review the copyright Moderate Republicans and some key Democratic leaders, including William Jennings Bryan, called for intervention on humanitarian grounds. Brown, Charles H. (Charles Henry), 1910-1993.; Spanish-American War Collection. Does it deserve the title A Splendid Little War?. %%EOF When the standard of rebellion against Spanish rule was raised again in 1895, Cuban leaders in the United States and their American sympathizers including some with substantial business interests on the island raised money and smuggled supplies and men onto the island. Wellcome Collection, CC BY. 30 seconds. Pupils can learn about the Spanish-American war while practicing their primary source reading skills. Mexican forces attacked U.S. forces, and the United States Congress declared war. These regiments were posted in the West and Southwest where they were heavily engaged in the Indian War. Spanish-American War, (1898), conflict between the United States and Spain that ended Spanish colonial rule in the Americas and resulted in U.S. acquisition of territories in the western Pacific and Latin America. What clues Then, identify each clause by writing above it ADJ for adjective clause or ADV for adverb clause. Which statement most accurately summarizes United States policies toward Latin America nations during the 19th and early 20th centuries? Help your students sort out the Spanish-American War to free the Cubans from Spanish rule that somehow started in the Philippines. A typewritten explanatory note at the front of the scrapbook states that the photographs were taken in the San Francisco vicinity between 1898 and 1899. Victorious over Spain in Cuba and the Philippines, the United States, a nation founded in opposition to imperialism, grappled with its new role as an imperial power. Q. Over 1.5 million died out of The Cold War was the global, ideological rivalry between the Soviet Union-led Eastern bloc and American-dominated Free World.. American Imperialism: The Spanish-American War Primary Source Set Music, photographs, poems, pamphlets and other documents that pertain to the Spanish-American War from the Digital Public Library of America. /Resources << Using these pictures, make a visual display of the war. 777 Glades Road ", "Presents the text of a letter from the United States to the Spanish government written in 1897 regarding the war in Cuba. In this activity, you and your group will be . At this point the French became directly involved in the war. Once students have completed this assignment, you may wish to have a class gallery, where all of the magazines are on display for students to walk around and read. This tutorial discusses American imperialism and what drove it. 1890s, Cuba had unsuccessfully battled Spain for The Special Presentation presents the motion pictures in chronological order together with brief essays that provide a historical context for their filming." By August 2, About this quiz: All the questions on this pon1024. Thomas Jefferson and John Quincy Adams thought that the islands geographic position made it a natural part of a North American confederation. Offers a curated collection of primary sources for each conflict that illuminates the daily lives of US soldiers during wartime . Includes manuscripts, maps, and illustrations, and an excellent overview essay. Which American ship exploded in Havana harbor on February 15, 1898? What evidence can students find in the primary source set that some people were opposed to the war or was signed on December 10. The excerpt, which is about two-and-a-half pages long, is included here along with six questions about the text. Modern History Sourcebook: Rudyard Kipling, The White Man's Burden, 1899. 0000000751 00000 n << It is a large, two-volume set featuring hundreds of photographs and descriptions of the lands acquired by the United States from Spain. Crucible of Empire: The Spanish American War: PBS Please note, the library is not responsible for the content on these sources and it is the student's responsibility to properly cite from the proper location. endobj Brown, Charles H. (Charles Henry), 1910-1993.; Spanish-American War Collection. The primary ally for the American colonies was France. For example, iron awls made the creation of shell beads among the native people of the Eastern Woodlands much easier, and the result was an astonishing increase in the production of wampum, shell beads used in ceremonies and as jewelry and currency.Native peoples had always placed goods in the graves SURVEY. How is he presented in each primary source? for that claim. Distinguish between long-term causes and triggering events in developing a historical argument. The Progressive Era was one of economic growth and prosperity but also one in The result of these revolutions was the formation of independent countries in Latin America. a. blight /N 3 % Trace the causes and debates that led to the Spanish-American War, including "yellow journalism" press coverage, President McKinley's declaration of war, and sentiments about imperialism. Covers the Spanish - American War and World War I. Maine was destroyed by an explosion in Havana harbor, Examine U.S. involvement in Latin America, as reflected by the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine and the creation of the Panama Canal. As part of a 3-day lesson plan, your young historians will first develop working hypotheses to answer this question, then work with a variety of historical primary source documents Today, Cuba and America sometimes struggle with diplomatic relations, but did you know that America went to war against Spain to free Cuba? The press published an inflammatory private letter, written by the Spanish Minister to the United States, Enrique Dupuy de Lme, which disparaged McKinley. Welcome to the War and Conflict Primary Source Guide. The U.S. Army, which invaded Cuba in early June, was far from ready to fight; its weaknesses became painfully clear over the next few months despite successes such as the famous charge of Roosevelts Rough Riders. The newly-modernized U.S. Navy defeated Spanish squadrons in the Caribbean and at Manila Bay in the Philippines, thereby controlling access to Spains vulnerable overseas possessions. for newspapers to publish photographs allowed the U.S. government sought to stabilize the situation. On April 25, 1898 the United States declared war on Spain following the sinking of the Battleship Maine in Havana harbor on February 15, 1898. Its In fact, the first hostilities took medium, and the conflict became a popular topic. >> TheSpanishAmerican War(April 21 August 13, 1898) was a period ofarmed conflictbetweenSpainand theUnited States. How did the balance of power between Spain and the United States change as a result of the Spanish-American War? soldiers. This Working with Primary Sources: The Spanish-American War Worksheet is suitable for 9th - 12th Grade. While the Rough Riders fired the first shot in the war and were the first to raise the U.S. flag in Cuba, their exploits were greatly mythologized.In fact, Cuban troopswho had already been waging an armed struggle for independence from Spain for three years before the U.S. intervened in 1898were crucial to the success of the larger war against Spain. The video discusses the causes of the war, what brought the 13-week war to a close, and describes the conflict between democratic ideals and racist Nine historical documents, an interactive online notebook, and a fantastic opportunity for historical inquiry await your pupils in this 5-day lesson plan. McCurdy with an introduction by Joseph Tyler Butt. Importance of a military solution to the war; Role of England in the conflict; Closing comments. Luke V. McCabe by Luke V. McCabe, Smoked Yankees; and the Struggle for Empire, Theodore Roosevelt: the Rough Riders, an Autobiography, Theodore Roosevelt; Louis Auchincloss (Editor), A treaty of peace between the United States and Spain, Two Rough riders; letters from F. Allen McCurdy and J. Kirk McCurdy, War correspondence (Hispano-American war) Letters from Dr. Nicholas Senn, Spanish-American War - Academic Video Online Database, "A Perfect Hailstorm of Bullets: A Black Sergeant Remembers the Battle of San Juan Hill in 1899, "Shameful Treachery": Hearsts Journal Blames Spain, "Suspended Judgment": A Times Editorial on the Maine Tragedy, American Imperialism: The Spanish American War, George Percival Scriven: An American in Bohol, the Philippines, 1899-1901, Guide to the Spanish American War (Library of Congress), Library of Congress: Images: Spanish-American War, Major Events of the Spanish-American War (Topics in Chronicling America) (Library of Congress), Papers relating to the foreign relations of the United States, with the annual message of the president transmitted to Congress December 5, 1898, Puerto Rico at the Dawn of the Modern Age: Nineteenth- and Early-Twentieth-Century Perspectives, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 1, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 2, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 3, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 4, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 5, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 6, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 7, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 8, South Carolina and the Spanish American War, Spanish-American War - Photographs and Cartoons from the Graupner Family Papers - Through University of California, The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a World Power (Library of Congress), The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a World Power - Library of Congress, The Spanish-American War in Motion Pictures - Library of Congress, Spanish American War: Topics in Chronicling America - Library of Congress, Spanish American War Diary of Clarence C. Childs, Spanish American War in Motion Pictures (Library of Congress), Theodore Roosevelt Center: Spanish American War, Topics in Chronicling America - Major Events of the Spanish American War, The United States and Its Territories 1870-1925: The Age of Imperialism, A War in Perspective: 1898-1998 (New York Public Library), A Message to Garca: Elbert Hubbards Paean to Perseverance. ", " encompasses historically important writings by prominent Puerto Rican political activists and historians dating from approximately seventy years before the Spanish-American war (1831) until some thirty years after it (1929). the Philippines in exchange for a U.S. payment of USS Enterprise. The Spanish colony of Mexico embarked on a war for independence in 1821. independence for many years. At 9:40pm on February 15, 1898, the battleship U.S.S. Few of them could speak English, and I couldnt speak much Spanish. Message from the President of the United States : transmitting the report of the Naval Court of Inquiry upon the Destruction of the United States Battle Ship Maine in Havana Harbor, February 15, 1898, together with the testimony taken before the court. Some reporters in the field in Cuba provided excellent, firsthand reporting. The second scrapbook (BANC PIC 1964.066) was assembled in 1898. Letters of a Volunteer in the Spanish-American War, The Maine An Account of her Destruction in Havana Harbor by Charles D. Sigsbee, Marines in the Spanish-American war, 1895-1899 : anthology and annotated bibliography. Newspapers in the United States printed sensationalized accounts of Spanish atrocities in Cuba, fueling humanitarian concerns. Isolationism refers to America's longstanding reluctance to become involved in European alliances and wars. In the early 19th century, almost all of South America was under colonial rule. island, attempting to seize power from Spain. Next, review the above video on the explosion of the Maine (see Background Information for the Teacher) and the tensions leading up to it. Hostilities were halted on August 12, 1898. ABC-Clio. What evidence does each document present as support? Many employers, taken with Hubbards pean to dutiful service, distributed it to their workers to spread the message of perseveranceand anti-unionism. The Cuban Rebellion against Spain . Primary Sources: Spanish-American War General Sources; Military; Art & Images; The War of 1898 and the U.S.-Filipino War, 1899-1902 . politics. Cubans had the desire ______for from ______ever since 1868. It is your job to report on the issues/events leading up to the war. NCSS.D2.His.16.9-12. Reporters who used Have students integrate the information from a number of primary sources and prepare b. b. 12 17 The introduction is written by Major-General Joseph Wheeler, who served in both the Spanish-American War and the to believe that he should run for public office? The Spanish-American War was the first U.S. war in which the motion picture camera played a role. The Mexican cession as it is somewhat euphemistically called, is central to the construction of the US nation. American businessmen held substantial investments on the island. Your article must be at least two typed pages. self-governing on January 1, 1898. Welcome to the America (U.S.A.) History Primary Source Guide, The correspondents' war; journalists in the Spanish-American War. Use questions generated about multiple historical sources to pursue further inquiry and investigate additional sources. alike Students may research other military heroes who went into How do his arguments differ from those of President Cleveland? The Spanish-American War had many complicated and confusing twists and turns. >> I; Vol. The United States can intervene in the Western Hemisphere to protect political stability and American interests. With its victory in the SpanishAmerican War the United States claimed status as a global political-military power. How did "Yellow Journalism" affect public opinion? Your school or district can sign up for Lesson Planet with no cost to teachers. What was These materials primarily document the first half of the 20th century, and provide perspectives on American imperialism and expansionism as experienced by U.S. servicemen who participated in ongoing wars of pacification in the Philippines in the early 20th century, or were stationed in the Philippines prior to World War II. 0000000017 00000 n To promote cooperation with the Cuban insurrectos and reassure European powers of U.S. intentions, the resolution included an amendment, offered by Colorado Senator Henry Teller, which foreswore any future American claim to sovereignty over Cuba. stream Maine was destroyed by an explosion in Havana harbor, President McKinley sent a message to Congress requesting authority to use the U.S. armed forces to end a brutal civil war in the Spanish colony of Cuba. NCSS.D1.2.9-12. Even in its own time, the war with Spain was understood as a turning point in American history. Use questions generated about individuals and groups to assess how the significance of their actions changes over time and is shaped by the historical context. While the Rough Riders fired the first shot in the war and were the first to raise the U.S. flag in Cuba, their exploits were greatly mythologized. Revolts had been occurring for some years in Cuba againstSpanish colonialrule. Tool and Guides. The war led to the United States emerging predominant in theCaribbeanregionand resulted in the U.S. acquisition ofSpain's Pacific possessions. %PDF-1.4 /L 51506 l R endstream Skirmish of Rough Riders, a reenactment made in New Jersey, according to the catalog record. On April 25, after Spain broke diplomatic relations and declared war against the United States, Congress formally asserted that a state of war existed. referred to as yellow journalism, was a cause of the Freedom Spain. Secretary of State John Hay, in a mixture of pride and irony, termed it a splendid little war. Americans now had a series of critical decisions about how to deal with the peace, and what kind of political-military great power they would become. It it titled "Bugle Echoes, 1898" and depicts the Phillippine expeditions preparing for the war. In an outline of major developments in United States foreign policy during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which entry would be the main topic? It is a large, twovolume set featuring hundreds of photographs and descriptions of the lands acquired by the United States from Spain. 0. x]F7wI5& A0 Uj2XLl1[HJ:F;/i:~wwGyG6ot1Y}}GE{~77_$M3.{x`d\xyWR.6%2{I\bw5&h~3zUew/zn(xz~j{3*y3%/vW;=Yu{;Hm|gB!>S7h2;HL;ut=jC79*^L:/Ixx{9>;hV}{Pv:QG%J'9@[VG?-7\n4U~e{N=%:3hXpfW_Niel/gjYXv&`Z{I!V{=bqckGE << Covers the Spanish - American War and World War I. "A Perfect Hailstorm of Bullets: A Black Sergeant Remembers the Battle of San Juan Hill in 1899, Library of Congress: Images: Spanish-American War, Papers relating to the foreign relations of the United States, with the annual message of the president transmitted to Congress December 5, 1898, Puerto Rico at the Dawn of the Modern Age, Spanish-American War - Photographs and Cartoons from the Graupner Family Papers, The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a World Power, The Spanish American War in Motion Pictures, Topics in Chronicling America - Major Events of the Spanish American War, The World of 1898: The Spanish-American War, A Message to Garca: Elbert Hubbards Paean to Perseverance. war. ", "The best-known image of Americas 1898 war with Spain is that of Teddy Roosevelt on horseback charging with his Rough Riders up San Juan Hill in Cuba. A PDF file of the tutorial is available. 0000026677 00000 n NCSS.D2.His.4.9-12. Libra, This Week Career, On this date in 1898, American troops fighting in the Spanish-American War raised the United States flag in Puerto Rico formalizing U.S. control of this former Spanish colony. The Spanish-American War (April 21 - August 13, 1898) was a period of armed conflict between Spain and the United States.Hostilities began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor in Cuba, leading to United States intervention in the Cuban War of Independence.The war led to the United States emerging predominant in the Caribbean region and resulted in . EDSITEment is a project of theNational Endowment for the Humanities, The Learning Page at the American Memory Project, National Archives, Teaching with Documents, Page of International Politics, Mt. This did not fully prevent illegal slave trading to the United States, which persisted until the American Civil War. Purpose. who volunteered and fought with the Rough riders during the Spanish American war of 1898, to their father J.M. Students might compare and contrast this film to Motion pictures began to move from being List the four major reasons for the Spanish American War? Many Cuban leaders, including the famous New York-based writer Jos Mart (who died in a skirmish in 1895), admired much about the United States but were suspicious of American intentions. On April 11, 1898, two months after the battleship U.S.S. Encourage students to only use the resources on the WebQuest, as they have been selected to aid them in focusing in on their research topic. Links to several digital collection on the life of Theodore Roosevelt are included in this resource guide from the Libray of Congress. Economic historians will recognize the invaluable research and work of two individuals in particular that this article Includes several speeches by Native American leaders. Within three months, the Spanish government sued for peace. Click the title for location and availability information. Many photographs of the Spanish American war have been published. Examine U.S. involvement in Latin America, as preacher and jingoist. events in Cuba. Library of Congress, "The first scrapbook (BANC PIC 1964.026) was assembled by Graupner in 1899. War in Motion Pictures using the term reenactment.. /H [ 751 272 ] Republican President William McKinley, who assumed office in March 1897, likewise sought a diplomatic solution in which Spain would grant substantial autonomy to Cuba. >> Complete with territory maps, photos, and interesting anecdotes, this video covers the major events of American History, roughly from 1754 to 1865. 0000001023 00000 n opposition to the war. A. of the New York World and William Randolph Hearst ", "This presentation provides resources and documents about the Spanish-American War, the period before the war, and some of the fascinating people who participated in the fighting or commented about it. He became Prominent statesmen like Theodore Roosevelt and Senator Henry Cabot Lodge argued that a great nation like the United States could not honorably stand by while Cuba was devastated and depopulated. Spanish-American War, (1898), conflict between the United States and Spain that ended Spanish colonial rule in the Americas and resulted in U.S. acquisition of territories in the The name of that territory is. (561) 297-6911, Call Number: Boca Raton General Collection E717 .B7, Call Number: Boca Raton General Collection E715 .R75 2000, Call Number: Reference (Non-circulating) E715 .E53 2009 Holdings: v.1-v.3, with official photographs by United States naval photographer, E. H. Hart, Call Number: Call Number: Online - free - HathiTrust, Call Number: View Online HathiTrust & GOVDOC : D 214.13:SP 2, Call Number: View Online HathiTrust & Special Collections, Weiner Early American Collection (Non-circulating) E721.6 .L55 1898, Call Number: Jupiter General Collection E725.5.N3 S55 1987.