The main space is the sleeping area, which doubles as a living and working area in the morning. The panday checks the abdomen to determine if the child is in the correct position and is moving normally. Darangen: Epic of History. Volume 12 of Land and Peopleseries. The rhythmic clapping of the bamboos speeds up as the dancers keep up with all the grace and agility that they can muster. Personal communication, 23 January. imported from Wikimedia project. Baradas, David B. In unserem Vergleich haben wir die unterschiedlichsten 70413 lego am Markt unter die Lupe genommen und die wichtigsten Eigenschaften, die Kostenstruktur und die Bewertungen der Kunden abgewogen. Woven too is the gradated pinipig container. These units settled in various parts of the lake, but were organized into four pengampong (states or encampments) administered by local datus (chieftains); these states were Bayabao, Masiu, Unayan, and Balo-i. Lake Lanao (Lake Sultan Alonto), created by a lava dam, has an area of 134 square miles (347 square km). But the shrimp dies anyway. 6734 (otherwise known as the Organic Act) in pursuance with a constitutional mandate to provide for an autonomous area in Muslim Mindanao. peace and development in the region. One day, Datu Gibon decides to return to Bumbaran. These were Maguindanao, Lanao del Sur, Sulu, and Tawi-Tawi. Manila: Solidaridad Publishing House. In 1959 Republic Act (RA) No 2228 divided Lanao into two provinces, with Lanao del Norte being designated for the Christian settlers and Lanao del Sur for the Maranao population. 1976, 73-74). Alarcon, Norma. In crossing Lake Lanao for the first time with the child, the parents must drop a coin or any metal object into the lake. The childless Abraham has made a vow that, should he have a son, he would sacrifice the child to God. This led to the defeat of Kudarats feared admiral, Datu Tagal, who had raided pueblos in the Visayas. Exceptions include the burrak, literally the bright one, which is the horse with a human face, on which the Prophet Muhammad is believed to have ascended to Heaven. 2008. 216, placed the entire Mindanao and Sulu under martial law. These include the kadaolat sa miyatai, literally invitation to the dead, a rite performed seven days after the death of a Maranao; the kapamangangai sa tonong (inviting the spirits), which attends various occasions such as deciding to become a farmer, protecting ones rice or corn fields, or revenge; the katao (amulets); kaapar, which dictates the offering of newly harvested rice to the spirits before it is eaten; saitan (spirits of the balete tree); invisible beings, such as apo (tornado spirits), sakit (illness-causing spirits), and inikadowa (counter ego). Mindanao, the second largest among the three islands and the southernmost part of the Philippines, is a main contributor of the country's GDP in terms of agriculture, fishing, forestry, etc. The mats called sesed are woven from local tikug, which is gathered, dried under the sun, cooked, and dyed with different colors called atar. A peace treaty was forged. Its primary objective when it was founded in 1974 was the inclusion of Mindanao theater traditions in mainstream consciousness and its concerns were national in scope (Rivera 1994, 401). Hence, its plays are in Filipino, that is, Tagalog and Bisaya or Cebuano, with a few Maranao interjections. The actual holder of the major title is considered the representative of the bangsa. The dog, though initially terrified, instantly composes himself. Three buildings were razed, including the provincial capitol building. Death is confirmed when the pulse is no longer felt and is announced by gongs and rifle fire. Muslim missionaries arrived in Tawi-Tawi in 1380 and started the colonization of the area and the conversion of the native population to Islam. Weaving is usually done in flat areas because these make the process easier. Regional officials had a fixed term of three years, which could be extended by an act of Congress. Halik sa Kampilan (Kiss on the Sword), 1978, is Frank G. Riveras original play depicting the Mindanao peoples displacement and struggle for land. A two-part plebiscite on January 21 and February 1 resulted in the ratification of the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM) with territorial jurisdiction in Maguindanao, Lanao del Sur, Basilan, Sulu, Tawi-Tawi, Marawi City, Lamitan City, Cotabato City, and 63 barangays in six North Cotabato towns (Arguillas 2019). Examples of the former are kaganat sa darangen, sagayan, and sadoratan; and of the latter, kapemalomalong. This larger organization of hamlets is the effective political community, and its strong federal system serves to unite the four Maranao pengampong (states or encampments)Bayabao, Masiu, Unayan, and Balo-iinto the pat-a-pengampong ko ranao under the taritib (ancient order of customs, traditions, and usages observed in the community). Angels occupy the sky, which is likewise seven-layered; heaven is found on the final layer. Panaroro-on, Mindanao Proverbs. Uncrescent 1 (March): 3-4; 1 (July): 3; 1 (August): 2-3. In 1637, Governor-General Sebastian Hurtado de Corcuera personally led an expedition against Kudarat and triumphed over his forces at Lamitan and Ilian. 25 January 2019. The display aims to give the public a glimpse of the Bangsamoro's rich cultural heritage and to bring lifelike presentations of unity amidst diversity of the culture of the region's people. On 16 October 2017, Omar Maute and Hapilon were killed by a sniper of the counter-terrorist unit of the Philippine Army (Gallardo 2017). 1977. Plebiscite was held on November 19, 1989, and only four provinces voted for the creation of an autonomous region. )=x=x=x=x=Note :lIt maybe the intention of the original writer to conceal something in this beautiful literary piece. The Lumad of Mindanao includes all the ethnic tribes and peoples who are not Muslims or Christians. In 2001, as a result of a referendum, RA 9054 provided for the inclusion of Marawi City in the ARMM, along with the province of Basilan, except Isabela City. The ritual involves various rites similar to those found in the kashawing. On the other hand, Islamic influence is evident in the following terms: sarip (keeper of traditions), alim (sublime porter), sherif, shayuk, hadji, imam, and calip or halip. Every agama is organized into two or more bangsa (ambilineal descent lines), each of which owns at least one hereditary title. Sining Kambayoka. In CCP Encyclopedia of Philippine Art, edited by Doreen G. Fernandez, vol. Maranao tutul (folktales) can be divided into tutul sa pakapoon (legends), tutul a pangangayaman (fables), tutul o mnga suda ago papanok (stories of birds and fishes), and tutul a piya kakuyakayad (funny stories) like the Pilandok tales. Mindanao also has the largest concentration of ethnic minorities in the Philippines. The kulintang, for instance,was added to the in-house orchestra instruments. 36 reorganized the regions and provinces in Mindanao. Depending solely on the sound of the drum, the third dancer, armed with shield and sword, pursues the first two dancers. Explain it how it is done or celebrated. Rice is the main agricultural product of Maranao farms, which average 1 to 2 hectares. Schedule of Philippine Festivals in 2023. The kambitiara can also be recited to praise and extol both families. Figure 1.01 Location of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao Reproduced from: Wikipedia A few months after this postponement of elections, the government Dubbed "Food Festival," the seven Moro tribes showcased their culinary delights in an event at the Cultural Village inside the ARMM compound. Within each agama, one or more titleholders belong to a superior political level and are given the title sultan. The regional Choreographer Gener Caringal adapted the traditional Maranao dance movements, such as the pangalay (the swaying of arms) and the asik (slave dance), into classical ballet movements. that is the mystery of our language why it is very hard to learn by other local Filipinos.=x=x=x=x=x=. Ranging from 10 to 17.5 centimeters in length, the vertical strip comes in alizarine red base inwoven with multicolored motifs, ranging from the strictly geometric and the curvilinear, to the leaf and vine. (2007) 16,939,967. At night, the sultan dreams of making love to a woman transformed from the golden bird, and in his dream, the woman becomes pregnant and gives birth to a child, who is named Raja Solaiman. One of the three vignettes that project a cultural image of the greatness of the Filipino people, "Langgal" (prayer house) represents Mindanao which is predominantly composed of Muslims. This elevation results in a temperature far more pleasant than that in the surrounding areas. The sultan does not return, and Pilandok rules the kingdom for many years. This incident contributed to the rise of various separatist movements: the Muslim Independence Movement (MIM), Ansar El-Islam, and the Union of Islamic Forces and Organizations. Visitors from Across Many Seas. Volume 3 of Filipino Heritage: The Making of a Nation. The short film ends on an edifying footage about how prejudice and discrimination may lead to conflict and wars. The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) was situated in mainland Mindanao in the southern Philippines and was created by virtue of the Republic Act No. Manila: Lahing Pilipino Publishing Inc. . 3, RA 7160, and RA 8371. McFarland, Curtis, comp. It is caught and placed on the sultans window. It was close to midnight on the same day when President Rodrigo Duterte, through Proclamation No. The lansa also has the naga on the prow and stern, and the birdo on both panels of the lansa. The andon type of malong is made by applying the tie-dye process on the thread. Modern Maranao rice farmers are mindful of keeping rice seeds separate from houses with pregnant women or dead persons. The Prophet Muhammad answers no. The carabao is used for work and food. 2012. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Folk Baskets. In Filipino Heritage: The Making of a Nation, edited by Alfredo Roces, vol. The highly educated professionals, such as academicians, lawyers, doctors, and engineers, belong to the secular elite. Today, farmers practice a combination of indigenous forms of planting and breeding rice with modern supplements like pesticides and fertilizers to increase yield (Dimaporo and Fernandez 2007, 77-78). The Spaniards later realized this and in 1848 employed their navy to assist their ground forces. Thus, Lanao del Sur remains one of the poorest provinces in the entire Philippines. COTABATO CITY - The Ministry of Health in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (MOH-BARMM) will construct 100 barangay health stations (BHS) across the region this year to boost health services. An example of a religious quiza is the Izra-wal-Miraj, which tells the story of why Muslims pray five times a day. Datu Akadir Akobar was killed, and Fort Marawi was taken by the Spaniards. First, the hero takes his kapasti (headdress with embedded mirrors). Polygyny is allowed; a Muslim man can have up to four wives if he can provide for them. 1985. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/Mindanao. It is a multiethnic group, with Maranao students making up 20% of its membership, which includes the Tausug and Maguindanao, besides Christian settlers from Luzon and the Visayas. 2002. A new law, Republic Act No. start time. The melodic lines of Maranao traditional music and chants were modernized by music arranger Jesse Lucas by synthesizing them with other sounds. It illustrates a gross evasion of positive duty and a virtual refusal to perform the duty enjoined.[29][30][31]. Covered with a riyara (woven mat), rice-stalk bundles serve as bed mattresses, the head and foot of which are laid out with pillows. this is primary activity administered to determine your baseline knowledge and preparedness for the lesson. Maranao culture and its kulintang music have been documented in the films Maranao Culture at Home and in Diaspora, 34 minutes, and Kulintang Gong Music from Mindanao Philippines, 22 minutes. Until mid-2021, the Maranao of Marawi City were still busy recovering from the losses, trauma, and distress brought about by the siege (Gotinga 2021). Darangen is still performed by the Maranao up to this time, albeit infrequently. [15] The 400-year-long resistance against the Japanese, Americans, and Spanish by the Moro Muslims persisted and morphed into their current war for independence against the Philippine state.[16]. They celebrate the feast day of St. Augustine every 28th day of August. Folk Architecture. and the need to respect customs and traditions, including "indigenous political structures" that lie outside the formal government system. The cities of Isabela and Cotabato were not under the administrative jurisdiction of the ARMM despite the former being part of Basilan and the latter geographically considered but not politically part of Maguindanao province. However, in Lanao del Surs capital city of Marawi, the Maranao comprise 96% of the population. The survival and spread of Islam can be attributed to its ability to accommodate indigenous beliefs and customs (Tan 1985, 3-9). This gesture is considered an act of respect for the lakes ancestral spirits, who are believed to protect the child. Madale, Abdullah T. 1976. 7, 400-401. The first process is composed of two subprocesses: pamokpok (plain hammering) and the stamping process, where embossed designs are hammered into the article. The word Blaan could have derived from bila, meaning house, and the suffix an, meaning people, so that the term may be taken to mean Maranao People of the Philippines: History, Culture and Arts, Customs and Traditions [Lanao Indigenous People | Ethnic Group], A view of Lake Lanao (Courtesy of the Provincial Government of Lanao del Sur), The Maranao population is estimated at 1,099,997, distributed as follows: 241,400 in Lanao del Norte or 22% of its total population; and 858,559 in Lanao del Sur or 78% of its total population. In the same year, Sultans Ganduli and Tanagan of Masiu staged an uprising that claimed 150 to 200 Muslim lives, including their own. Gibons aged widow expresses her desire to return to her birthplace. An autonomous administrative division (also referred to as an autonomous area, entity, unit, region, subdivision, or territory) is a subnational administrative division or internal territory of a sovereign state that has a degree of autonomyself-governanceunder the national government. Their literature is a diverse culture which displays the features and culture of the Muslim people in the Philippines. Despite several petitions filed before the Supreme Court questioning the extensions, its implementation was continuously upheld until the end of 2019 (Tantuco 2020). [21] RA 9054 lapsed into law on March 31, 2001, without the signature of President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo. After the Philippine-American War, the Americans established direct rule over the newly formed Moro province, which consisted of five districts: Zamboanga, Lanao, Cotabato, Davao, and Sulu. 1975. The Maranao. Jihad or the natural right to self-defense finds expression in holy war, when Muslim land and religion are threatened. [27][28] The 89-page decision, written by Associate Justice Conchita Carpio-Morales ruled: In sum, the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process committed grave abuse of discretion when he failed to carry out the pertinent consultation process, as mandated by EO No. It follows the quotidian lives and direful conditions of evacuees displaced by the tormented siege of Marawi in 2017. Darangen. Muslim Brassware. December 16, 2023 to January 1, 2024. These five towns are Madalum, Lumbatan, Lumba-Bayabao, Bayang, and Sultan Dumalondong (GMA News 2007). The most innovative malong makes use of the sewing machine. 2014. The National Commission on Muslim Filipinos (NCMF) was created to address the socio-politico-cultural concerns that are distinct to the region. This act symbolizes the childs purpose in life, which is to worship God. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The AFP at this time was undertaking an operation to capture Hapilon who was believed to be in Lanao del Sur to establish the Islamic State Southeast Asia wilayat (province) in Marawi City (Lavallee 2017). Dimaampao goes on alone and settles in Unayan, so called because of a tree that has imprisoned his bride. Sining is the Tagalog word for art, and kambayoka is the Maranao poetical joust. In one of his speeches during the siege, President Duterte claimed that more than the ideological battle of establishing a caliphate in the southern Philippines, the crisis in Marawi was brought about by the local politicians involvement in the illegal drug trade (Fonbuena 2020, 81; Valente 2017). After the 1963 to 1964 survey, a new survey of fisheries was conducted in Lake Lanao from 1990 to 1991. Maranao Forms of Oral Literature. In Dialogue For Development:Papers from the First National Congress of Philippine Folklore and Other Scholars, 27-30 December. During an attack, Maranao warriors would emerge suddenly from their kota and engage the enemies in hand-to-hand combat. Negotiations resumed in 1977, and the following points were agreed upon: the proclamation of a presidential decree creating autonomy in 13 provinces; the creation of a provisional government; and the holding of a referendum in the autonomous areas to determine the administration of the government. The film also depicts how various sociopolitical institutions have failed to provide not just the rebuilding of material structures wrought by the war in Marawi City, but also the emotional and mental support that the evacuees need. Another festival is Kaamulan festival in Bukidnon. 9054, amending for the purpose of Republic Act No. In the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM), the Maranao comprise 26.4% of the total population, making it the largest of the Islamic groups in the ARMM. The visual arts of the Maranao are also exemplified by the elusive bird of art, the sarimanok, literally artificial bird (see logo of this article) or the papanok, its female counterpart. The first episode, Paganay Kiyandato o Diwata Ndaw Gibon (The First Ruler, Diwata Ndaw Gibon), recounts the genealogy of the epic heroes. The island is marked by peninsulas and is heavily indented by the Davao and Moro gulfs in the south and by Iligan Bay in the north. http://web0.psa.gov.ph/content/. Art in Maranao Life. In Filipino Heritage: The Making of a Nation, edited by Alfredo Roces, vol. Each step and movement he makes is accompanied by a recitation invoking the guidance and support of the unseen benevolent spirits. Trade is conducted through the lake, thus avoiding major land transport problems. With 1,242 heavily armed men and four well-equipped transportsthe Manila, Cebu, San Quintin, and Marquez de Duerohe seized Fort Marawi from Datu Akadir Akobar, also known as Amai Pacpac, who managed to escape. Manila: Lahing Pilipino Publishing Inc. Demetrio, Francisco R, ed. Sultans and Mayors: The Relation of a National to an Indigenous Political System. In The Maranao, edited by Mamitua Saber and Adbullah Madale. The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) was situated in mainland Mindanao in the southern Philippines and was created by virtue of the Republic Act No. Corrections? The kindest is the deer. 1974. . Fonbuena, Carmela S. 2020. San Fernando City, Pampanga. The Muslim Filipinos. A suitable wife must be found. AM stations are Philippine Broadcasting Services DXSO-AM Radyo Pilipinas based in the MSU Campus, Muslim Mindanao Development Multipurpose Cooperatives DXAD-AM Radio Ranao in Marcos Boulevard, Mindanao Broadcasting Company Incs DXSA-AM Radio Punto Marawi in Campo Ranao Road, and Ranao Radio Broadcasting and TV System Corps DXSK-AM Radio Ranaw in Pangarungan Village. Majority of Filipino Muslims live in this island group, particularly in the Autonomous Region for Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). As a person, it claims to be the son of a sultan of Bandiar Masir but criticizes and ridicules the sultan and his men. The burrak appears on carpets, paintings, and sequined cloth panels. Early morning or late afternoon is the best time to weave because the cooler temperature not only provides for the personal comfort of the weavers but also prevents the sesed from getting brittle. Warriner, Charles K. 1975. The Regional Legislative Assembly was the legislative branch of the ARMM government. The violent armed struggle against the Japanese, Filipinos, Spanish, and Americans is considered by current Moro Muslim leaders as part of the four centuries long "national liberation movement" of the Bangsamoro (Moro Nation). For the program to aid in the control of Usenet abuse, see, 19892019 autonomous region of the Philippines, Creation and disestablishment of Shariff Kabunsuan, Memorandum of Agreement on Ancestral Domain, Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, Moro Muslims waged an insurgency against the Japanese, Governor of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, Spanish Colonial Fortifications of the Philippines, Peace process with the Bangsamoro in the Philippines, "An Act Fixing the Permanent Seat of Government for the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao at the Municipality of Parang, Province of Maguindanao", "Supreme Court voids creation of Shariff Kabunsuan", "Govt reaches deal with MILF to end rebellion", "The Bangsamoro reframes the Muslim-Filipino identity", "Appointments to Bangsamoro transition body out after Feb. 6 plebiscite", "Comelec ratifies Bangsamoro Organic Law", "Zubiri: Overwhelming 'yes' vote for BOL shows Mindanao shedding its history of conflict", "Republic Act No. The imam recites the wedding rite and gives advice on the duties and responsibilities involved in married life. The arko also displays different okir motifs. . Very often, the groom and his entourage have to haggle for whatever is demanded, the fulfillment of which allows him to enter the room. ARMM; Statements. Corporate author : Global Education Monitoring Report Team Document code : 10.54676/AXEQ8566 ISBN : 978-92-3-100167-3 Collation : 535 p. : illus. The region covers a total of 12,288 km. One notable example is the Matling Industrial and Commercial Corporation, the biggest processor of cassava in Mindanao, which has been in operation in Malabang, Lanao del Sur since 1928 (Habito 2012). Myth and Reality in Social Structure. In The Maranao, edited by Mamitua Saber and Adbullah Madale. Francisco, Juan R. 1969. An example of bamboo carving is found in the kubing (mouth harp), a musical instrument used traditionally for courtship and ordinary communication. Quezon City: New Day Publishers. Got Something to Say? The Forest Resources and Lake Lanao. In The Maranao, edited by Mamitua Saber and Adbullah Madale. Tubular Skirt, Umbrella, Hammock, Mosquito Net and Work of Art. In Filipino Heritage: The Age of Trade and Contacts. Many other Maranao torogan have decayed or collapsed, including what could have been its finest example, which used to stand in the municipality of Ganassi, also in Lanao del Sur. 2015. After his death, the other datus endorse the datuship of Gibons eldest son and allow the other wives to return to their homes. The Regional Government had the power to create its own sources of revenues and to levy taxes, fees, and charges, subject to Constitutional provisions and the provisions of RA 9054. Sadoratan is a reenactment of an episode from the epic, the Paramata Gandingan. Here, the princess Paramata Gandingan is abducted and asked to walk in the middle of two strings laid out parallel to each other, to test whether she belongs to the nobility. Islam, however, has not totally eradicated the pre-Islamic Maranao cosmology that talks of a seven-layered earth, the first of which is the human world, and the second, a world populated by the karibang (dwarfs). A modern adaptation of the Darangen is the Philippine Ballet Theaters Darangen ni Bantugen. A failure of elections is declared in an area when election officers tasked to facilitate the process fail to show up and start the polls, most likely because of threats to their safety or the occurrence of violent incidents. 4, 779-84. Video:SINGKIL - Bayanihan Alumni Association. The membership at the time of ARMM's abolition was 24, where 6 are from Lanao del Sur including Marawi City, 6 from Maguindanao, 6 from Sulu, 3 from Basilan, and 3 from Tawi-Tawi. It perishes in the fire with its dead wife. Audiovisual Ethnography of Philippine Music: A Process-Oriented Approach. Humanities Diliman 10 (1): 90-112. It is the only region that has its own government. Madale, Nagasura. State of Local Democracy in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (SoLD ARMM). Click to reveal The timber industry is important, and there are gold, nickel, iron, and coal deposits. Mindanao has thirty-three ethno-linguistic groups, which thirteen of them are Islamized; nineteen are Lumads and third and fourth are Christian settlers. In 1457, the Sultanate of Sulu was founded, and not long after that, the sultanates of Maguindanao and Buayan were also established. Maranao social structure can be characterized not so much in terms of exclusive ranks associated with exclusive obligations and privileges, but in terms of the rights and duties accorded to lines of descent. Each agama, and hence each descent line, is ranked as either pegawiden, literally the carried or pegawid, literally the carrier. Therefore, a persons inherited rights, such as claims on land, title, and ceremonial payments, depend on descent lines; these privileges only apply in the agama where these rights originate. A breakaway group of Moro rebels, the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) led by Hashim Salamat, a Maguindanaon, did not recognize the ARMM and continued fighting for Moro self-determination in Mindanao, espousing an Islamist stance instead of the Marxist-Maoist orientation of the MNLF. 6734 which signed into law by President Corazon Aquino on August 1, 1989. Kakelaya-layang (kite making) is an activity enjoyed when the wind is strong and the weather fine. In Iligan City, the Bisaya and Cebuano are the dominant group at 85% of the city population, whereas the Maranao are a mere 7%. One day, the Prophet calls on a duck to fetch water from a source kilometers away. Brought by Javanese and Middle Eastern traders, Islam is the religion of approximately 20 percent of the Philippine population. Ashes are applied to the cut portion to stop the bleeding. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. 1977. For instance: To tap the possibility of a marriage, the boys matchmaker asks whether the girl is betrothed. Once, there was no Lake Lanao. This law can become the basis for the successful implementation of the idea of autonomy of Mindanao. On top or in front of the grave is a chair bedecked with colorful Maranao textile. . COTABATO CITY: Amid the clashes in some parts of the region, the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) is showcasing its grandest mock tribal villages narrating the variety of cultures, traditions, history and oneness of the Bangsamoro people. On record, 978 members of the militant group died, some 837 firearms were recovered from them (Fonbuena 2020, 185). Miravite, Rosalina. Many of them also suffered from numerous air strikes conducted by the AFP. An autonomous region of the Philippines, located in the Mindanao island group of the Philippines, that consisted of five predominantly Muslim provinces: Basilan (except Isabela City), Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu, and Tawi-Tawi. Not knowing reflection from reality, the lion walks away, outsmarted by a clever dog. In 2013, however, a community film screening was held in Barangay 647 in Quiapo, Manila, where most of the residents are Maranao. Records show that the AFP forces lost 169 men with over 1,400 wounded. In a referendum held that same year, four provinces voted for inclusion in ARMM: Maguindanao, Sulu, Tawi-Tawi, and Lanao del Sur, excluding Marawi City. Updates? http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2008/october2008/183591.htm. Each layer of heaven has a different color and is guarded by an angel. AUTONOMOUS REGION IN MUSLIM MINDANAO FESTIVALS ALIWAN FESTIVAL An Annual festival held at Star City Complex, Pasay City. He advises his sister not to turn against her husband and to help bring glory and fame to Bumbaran. Screenings of the two films were also held for scholars and students of Philippine indigenous music, at the University of the Philippines Diliman and the University of the Philippines Baguio (Terada 2013, 102-105). His kingdom is Bumbaran. The boys are required to undergo kapagi-Islam (circumcision), literally becoming Muslim, in the mosque. In a battle against the tribes, the Prophet Muhammad and his followers find themselves surrounded. The executive council advises the Regional Governor on matters of governance of the autonomous region. It was thought that the Muslim would learn from the more advanced Christianized Filipinos and would integrate more easily into mainstream Philippine society. The Commonwealth years sought to end the privileges the Muslims had been enjoying under the earlier American administration. Philippine Statistics Authority-National Statistics Office. Comments:lA more simplified literation on a [1975] piecelMaranao:Dayo, dayo capitanDayo somon'ta sa igDayo di ako ron sung [zong]ana ikuluk akun - [ikhaL'k ak'n]A bubaruka a nipai - [ babar'ka / mbuburokos]Dingun, ding a diawa - [ ding'n ]Busalangka sa agong - [ basalangka]Ka an manug a datu - [ adn man'g o datu]A magogop a mamuntong - mam'n tong]A pud a panarakayo - [pd a phanarakayo]A pumbalain a barit - [ pm balayen]A walai a datu otoAgo giya bai aya.lEnglish:(Friend, friend, captainPlaymate, to the river,Friend, I wont go,For afraid am IOf multicolored snakes and striped crocodilesBeat, beat, oh drummer,Beat hard the gongTo inform the datuWho will help cut bamboosAnd fell big treesFor building a palaceFor the datuAnd his lady.