They coincidentally allotted exactly the same number of infantry divisions to the right wing's attack on the Low Countries. [33] Studies of operations in the east led to the conclusion that small and coordinated forces possessed more combat power than large, uncoordinated forces. If the defender can hold the shoulders of the breach they will have the opportunity to counter-attack into the flank of the attacker, potentially cutting off the van as happened to Kampfgruppe Peiper in the Ardennes. Operation Barbarossa helped confirm that armor effectiveness and the requisite aerial support were dependent on weather and terrain. [79], German volunteers first used armor in live field-conditions during the Spanish Civil War of 1936-1939. The Luftwaffe (the German air force) was officially established in February 1935, and development began on ground-attack aircraft and doctrines. During Operation Barbarossa, huge encirclements in 1941 produced nearly 3.5 million Soviet prisoners, along with masses of equipment. The construction and training of motorized forces and a full mobilization of the rail networks would not begin until 1943 and 1944 respectively. [71] It should however be noted that the disadvantages of terrain could be nullified if surprise was achieved over the enemy by an attack through areas considered natural obstacles, as occurred during the Battle of France when the German blitzkrieg-style attack went through the Ardennes. 16/9 = Weegy: Whenever an individual stops drinking, the BAL will decrease slowly. Through his indoctrinated idealization of an ostentatious concept, he reinforced the myth of blitzkrieg. User: 3/4 16/9 Weegy: 3/4 ? It switched from air superiority missions, to medium-range interdiction, to strategic strikes, to close support duties depending on the need of the ground forces. In this fascinating documentary, Clare Mulley . Its origins, however, can be traced to the 19th century, and elements of blitzkrieg have been used in present-day conflicts. [1][2][3][4], During the interwar period, aircraft and tank technologies matured and were combined with systematic application of the traditional German tactic of Bewegungskrieg (maneuver warfare), deep penetrations and the bypassing of enemy strong points to encircle and destroy enemy forces in a Kesselschlacht (cauldron battle). In 193940, 45 percent of the army was 40 years old and 50 percent of the soldiers had only a few weeks' training. His book offers scant clues as to how German lightning victories might be won. [102] In the summer of 1944, the Red Army destroyed Army Group Centre in Operation Bagration, using combined-arms tactics for armor, infantry and air power in a coordinated strategic assault, known as deep operations, which led to an advance of 600 kilometres (370mi) in six weeks. There is also the online Pravda.ru, which is privately owned and not aligne. 6 2/3 [51] In 2002 H. P. Willmott had noted that deep battle contained two important differences: it was a doctrine of total war (not of limited operations), and rejected decisive battle in favor of several large, simultaneous offensives. I believe the CP in Russia still publishes a paper called Pravda. It happened because the German aircraft industry lacked the experience to build a long-range bomber fleet quickly, and because Hitler was insistent on the very rapid creation of a numerically large force. User: 3/4 16/9 Weegy: 3/4 ? [99], In July 1943 the Wehrmacht conducted Operation Zitadelle (Citadel) against a salient at Kursk which Soviet troop heavily defended. Liddell Hart, in letters to Guderian, "imposed his own fabricated version of blitzkrieg on the latter and compelled him to proclaim it as original formula". Infiltration tactics were combined with short hurricane artillery bombardments using massed artillery, devised by Colonel Georg Bruchmller. what was the blitzkrieg weegy. Such was the Vernichtungsgedanke of the Polish campaign. = 15 * 3/20 [20][21] Both used the term to mean a swift strategic knock-out, rather than a radical new military doctrine or approach to war. After all, during the disastrous campaign in Belgium and France, it had seemed as if German tanks and aircraft were . Which of the following was an outcome of the Potsdam Conference? Other historians wrote that blitzkrieg was an operational doctrine of the German armed forces and a strategic concept on which the leadership of Nazi Germany based its strategic and economic planning. Schwerpunkt was not a new idea; Clausewitz had wrote of it in 1832 and the Prussian military had embraced it during the Franco-Prussian War. Challenge your tactical skills in historical campaigns and defeat powerful Neural Network AI in competitive matches. [144], The Luftwaffe did end up with an air force consisting mainly of relatively short-range aircraft, but this does not prove that the German air force was solely interested in 'tactical' bombing. Weegy: Blitzkrieg is a swift intensive military attack, using tanks supported by aircraft, designed to defeat the opposition quickly. The Germans, aware of the errors of the First World War, rejected the concept of organizing its economy to fight only a short war. The transformation from the stalemate of the First World War into tremendous initial operational and strategic success in the Second, was partly the employment of a relatively small number of mechanized divisions, most importantly the Panzer divisions, and the support of an exceptionally powerful air force. Weegy: Blitzkrieg was a swift intensive military attack, using tanks supported by aircraft, designed to defeat the opposition quickly. He developed Plan 1919 for massive, independent tank operations, which he claimed were subsequently studied by the German military. [22] In the second article (1938), launching a swift strategic knock-out is described as an attractive idea for Germany but difficult to achieve on land under modern conditions (especially against systems of fortification like the Maginot Line), unless an exceptionally high degree of surprise could be achieved. Later, Marshal Mikhail Tukhachevsky (1893-1937), Georgii Isserson[ru] (1898-1976) and other members of the Red Army developed a concept of deep battle from the experience of the PolishSoviet War of 19191920. User: The was the systematic imprisonment and murder of Jewish people, in nazi-controlled territory during world war two. Germany's strategy was to defeat its opponents in a series of short campaigns. This answer has been confirmed as correct and helpful. [citation needed] The Allied air forces had no close air support aircraft, training or doctrine. [citation needed], Although effective in quick campaigns against Poland and France, mobile operations could not be sustained by Germany in later years. "Blitzkrieg," a German word meaning "Lightning War," was Germany's strategy to avoid a long war in the first phase of World War II in Europe. Weegy: A basic position in American foreign policy has been that America must defend its foreign interests related to Weegy: 15 ? = 45/20 -is what's meant by the phrase "The domesticated generations fell Weegy: A suffix is added to the end of a word to alter its meaning. Directive control was a fast and flexible method of command. This answer has been confirmed as correct and helpful. Bill of Rights is a similarity between the United States Constitution and all state constitutions. 257-60, Oberleutnant D. Braun, 'Der strategische Uberfall', Militr-Wochenblatt XVIII (1938), pp. User: She worked really hard on the project. [113], At the outbreak of war, the German army had no radically new theory of war. Blitzkrieg is a German term for lightning war. Weegy: A basic position in American foreign policy has been that America must defend its foreign interests related to Weegy: 15 ? Guderian's book incorporated the work of theorists such as Ludwig Ritter von Eimannsberger, whose book, The Tank War (Der Kampfwagenkrieg) (1934) gained a wide audience in the German army. [8][9] Blitzkrieg operations capitalized on surprise penetrations (e.g., the penetration of the Ardennes forest region), general enemy unreadiness and their inability to match the pace of the German attack. "[48] Liddell Hart considered that important aspects of the operation were the extent to which Ottoman commanders were denied intelligence on the British preparations for the attack through British air superiority and air attacks on their headquarters and telephone exchanges, which paralyzed attempts to react to the rapidly deteriorating situation. The tactics, as employed by the Germans, consisted of a splitting thrust on a narrow front by combat groups using tanks, dive bombers, and motorized artillery to disrupt the main enemy battle position at the Schwerpunkt. Launched in poor weather against a thinly-held Allied sector, it achieved surprise and initial success as Allied air-power was grounded due to cloud cover. User: She worked really hard on the project. TTY: 202.488.0406, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC, Nazi Territorial Aggression: The Anschluss, Ministry of Propaganda and Public Enlightenment, Holocaust Survivors and Victims Resource Center. The word, meaning "lightning war" or "lightning attack" in its strategic sense describes a series of quick and decisive short battles to deliver a knockout blow to an enemy state before it could fully mobilize. When Liddell Hart was questioned about this in 1968 and the discrepancy between the English and German editions of Guderian's memoirs, "he gave a conveniently unhelpful though strictly truthful reply. For historical generals, from Alexander the Great of ancient Macedonia to Frederick II of 18th-century Prussia, their armies functioned as the centre of gravity. [37], The British Army took lessons from the successful infantry and artillery offensives on the Western Front in late 1918. [89], Panzer Group Kleist raced to the English Channel, reaching the coast at Abbeville, and cut off the BEF, the Belgian Army and some of the best-equipped divisions of the French Army in northern France. Willmott writes that, "Many examples of the experiences and losses suffered by German formations moving up to the front are well known. However, the Luftwaffe also provided volunteers to Spain to test both tactics and aircraft in combat, including the first combat use of the Stuka. [92] That same French army collapsed after barely two months of fighting. by . = 2 1/4. Score 1 User: What was the Blitzkrieg? After the war Liddell Hart imposed his own perceptions, after the event, claiming that the mobile tank warfare practiced by the Wehrmacht was a result of his influence. [122], Historian Victor Davis Hanson states that Blitzkrieg "played on the myth of German technological superiority and industrial dominance," adding that German successes, particularly that of its Panzer divisions were "instead predicated on the poor preparation and morale of Germany's enemies. After the war, the Reichswehr expanded and improved infiltration tactics. Weegy: Blitzkrieg was a swift intensive military attack, using tanks supported by aircraft, designed to defeat the opposition quickly. [74] The Allies flew 434 French and 160 British sorties a day but methods of attacking ground targets had yet to be developed; therefore Allied aircraft caused negligible damage. Patrick. internment camps. [139] In 2003, John Mosier wrote that while the French soldiers in 1940 were better trained than German soldiers, as were the Americans later and that the German army was the least mechanized of the major armies, its leadership cadres were larger and better and that the high standard of leadership was the main reason for the successes of the German army in World War II, as it had been in World War I. Hitler and the Wehrmacht's planning in the 1930s did not reflect a blitzkrieg method but the opposite. German air power prevented the enemy from adequately resupplying or redeploying forces and thereby from sending reinforcements to seal breaches in the front. = 15 * 3/20 In it he explained the theories of the tank men and defended them. The use of mobility, shock, and locally concentrated firepower in a skillfully coordinated attack paralyzed an adversarys capacity to organize defenses, rather than attempting to physically overcome them, and then exploited that paralysis by penetrating to the adversarys rear areas and disrupting its whole system of communications and administration. [99][100], In the summer of 1942, Germany launched another offensive, this time focusing on Stalingrad and the Caucasus in the southern USSR. Germany's strategy was to defeat its opponents in a series of short campaigns. Give your answer in square inches. Its goal - according to Fhrer Directive 21 (18 December 1940) - was "to destroy the Russian forces deployed in the West and to prevent their escape into the wide-open spaces of Russia". Which of the following was a goal of the Tennessee Valley authority? Blitzkrieg is most commonly associated with Nazi Germany . In 1926 war-games and tests began at Kazan and Lipetsk in the RSFSR. It was later applied to the bombing of Britain, particularly London, hence "The Blitz". Blitzkreig is a war tactic that the Germans used. The first European general to introduce rapid movement, concentrated power and integrated military effort was Swedish King Gustavus Adolphus during the Thirty Years' War. Raymond Limbach is an independent historian who has an M.A. A. In World War II, German Panzer forces used motorized mobility to paralyze the opponent's ability to react. = 15 * 3/20 = 45/20 ST38388. Allowing newly added territories to the United States to decide for themselves on the slavery issue -was the idea behind popular sovereignty in the mid-1800s. The Germans quickly advanced through the forest, knocking down the trees the French thought would impede this tactic. Weegy: In 1936, Hitler violated the Treaty of Versailles by moving troops into the Rhineland demilitarized zone. 6 2/3 [44][45] Through constant pressure by infantry and cavalry, two Ottoman armies in the Judean Hills were kept off-balance and virtually encircled during the Battles of Sharon and Nablus (Battle of Megiddo). Which of the following was an outcome of the Potsdam Conference? Blitzkrieg tactics were also used by the German commander Erwin Rommel during the desert campaigns in North Africa. Whenever an individual stops drinking, the BAL will ________________. [12] Modern historians now understand blitzkrieg as the combination of the traditional German military principles, methods and doctrines of the 19th century with the military technology of the interwar period. Similarly in the military journals, emphasis centred on 'strategic' bombing. During the Battle of France, the French made attempts to reform defensive lines along rivers but were frustrated when German forces arrived first and pressed on. "[87][pageneeded], The German invasion of France, with subsidiary attacks on Belgium and the Netherlands, consisted of two phases, Operation Yellow (Fall Gelb) and Operation Red (Fall Rot). The notion of a German blitzkrieg concept or doctrine survives in popular history and many historians still support the thesis. [81] (The true test of his "armored idea" would have to wait for the Second World War.) Weegy is another website similar to Quora where people can ask questions but it also uses Artificial Intelligence as well as real people to answer the questions. All employment of force should have an effective concentration in a single moment, with a single action, Clausewitz argued. [145], British theorists John Frederick Charles Fuller and Captain Basil Henry Liddell Hart have often been associated with the development of blitzkrieg, though this is a matter of controversy. What US foreign policy idea was expressed in a military manner with involvement in the Korean War? Score 1. [65][66], Having achieved a breakthrough of the enemy's line, units comprising the Schwerpunkt were not supposed to become decisively engaged with enemy front line units to the right and left of the breakthrough area. Slave state legislators had more power in The Senate during the 1850s. While Allied Air Forces were tied to the support of the Army, the Luftwaffe deployed its resources in a more general, operational way. Corrections? por | Jun 7, 2022 | sheraton vistana resort villas map | ceramic hamster hideout | Jun 7, 2022 | sheraton vistana resort villas map | ceramic hamster hideout [46], The British methods induced "strategic paralysis" among the Ottomans and led to their rapid and complete collapse. "Blitzkrieg," a German word meaning Lightning War, was Germanys strategy to avoid a long war in the first phase of World War II in Europe. This answer has been confirmed as correct and helpful. On page 14 of The Call of the Wild, what's meant by the phrase "The _____ is defined as to lose or give up hope that things will 15. = 45/20 The targets of the German aircraft were actually the rail lines and bridges. [10] Some senior officers, including Kurt Student, Franz Halder and Johann Adolf von Kielmansegg, even disputed the idea that it was a military concept. Weegy: A basic position in American foreign policy has been that America must defend its foreign interests related to Weegy: 15 ? By the end of the war, Germany found itself defeated by the strategic (Schwerpunkt) and tactical (Kesselschlacht) concepts that had initially brought it such success. Hitler strongly supported this new strategy. A new experimental brigade was intended for the next year and became a permanent formation in 1933, during the cuts of the 1932/331934/35 financial years. This war tactic was very effective. Robert Watt (2008) wrote that blitzkrieg has little in common with Soviet deep battle. [27] In early January 1942, Hitler dismissed it as "Italian phraseology". On the Eastern Front, the war did not bog down into trench warfare; German and Russian armies fought a war of maneuver over thousands of miles, which gave the German leadership unique experience not available to the trench-bound western Allies. [102] The Battle of Kursk ended with two Soviet counter-offensives and the revival of deep operations. This document, which the Luftwaffe adopted, rejected Giulio Douhet's theory of terror bombing. [104] In the following months, the Red Army constructed deep defensive belts along the paths of the planned German attack. B. Spanish money funded the colonial settlement in England. User: why was the north Atlantic treaty organization formed in 1949. Most academic historians regard the notion of blitzkrieg as military doctrine to be a myth. At the Battle of Kursk the Red Army employed a combination of defense in great depth, extensive minefields, and tenacious defense of breakthrough shoulders. [128][129] The purpose of the blitzkrieg economy was to allow the German people to enjoy high living standards in the event of hostilities and avoid the economic hardships of the First World War. Flexibility was the Luftwaffe's strength in 19391941. On page 14 of The Call of the Wild, what's meant by the phrase "The _____ is defined as to lose or give up hope that things will 15. This answer has been confirmed as correct and helpful. blitzkrieg, (German: lightning war) military tactic calculated to create psychological shock and resultant disorganization in enemy forces through the employment of surprise, speed, and superiority in matriel or firepower. Blitzkrieg 3 is a WW2 RTS made for true admirers of strategic mastery! [6] The term had appeared in 1935, in a German military periodical Deutsche Wehr (German Defense), in connection to quick or lightning warfare. In May 1940, there was near parity in numbers of aircraft between the Luftwaffe and the Allies, but the Luftwaffe had been developed to support Germany's ground forces, had liaison officers with the mobile formations, and operated a higher number of sorties per aircraft. = 15 * 3/20 Score 1. As we go into 1944, we see the allies land at Normandy, liberate France and face Germany in their last major counteroffensive at the Battle of the Bulge. User: 3/4 16/9 Weegy: 3/4 ? [118] Karl-Heinz Frieser and Adam Tooze reached similar conclusions to Overy and Naveh, that the notions of blitzkrieg-economy and strategy were myths. Following Germany's military reforms of the 1920s, Heinz Guderian emerged as a strong proponent of mechanized forces. Overy presents this as evidence that a "blitzkrieg economy" did not exist. [78] As the end of the war approached, Germany also experienced critical shortages in fuel and ammunition stocks as a result of Anglo-American strategic bombing and blockade. The Wehrmacht became overstretched: although winning operationally, it could not inflict a decisive defeat as the durability of the Soviet Union's manpower, resources, industrial base and aid from the Western Allies began to take effect. AboutTranscript. B. The surprise attack resulted in the near annihilation of the Voyenno-Vozdushnye Sily (VVS, Soviet Air Force) by simultaneous attacks on airfields,[95] allowing the Luftwaffe to achieve total air supremacy over all the battlefields within the first week. Every unit in the army, from the company to the supreme command, decided on a Schwerpunkt through schwerpunktbildung, as did the support services, which meant that commanders always knew what was most important and why. The Queen wanted all the money from the New World. [102][103] By April 1943, the Stavka had learned of German intentions through intelligence supplied by front-line reconnaissance and Ultra intercepts. But what is Blitzkrieg and is it anything that. The German General Staff was abolished by the treaty but continued covertly as the Truppenamt (Troop Office), disguised as an administrative body. = 15 * 3/20 = 45/20 Once war had begun, Hitler urged his economic experts to abandon caution and expend all available resources on the war effort but the expansion plans only gradually gained momentum in 1941. [26] After the German failure in the Soviet Union in 1941, use of the term began to be frowned upon in Nazi Germany, and Hitler then denied ever using the term, saying in a speech in November 1941, "I have never used the word Blitzkrieg, because it is a very silly word". [ ] Score 1. The first article (1935) deals primarily with supplies of food and materiel in wartime. = 2 1/4. [151], During World War I, Fuller had been a staff officer attached to the new tank corps. Poland, Norway, France, the Low Countries, the Balkans, North Africa, and the Soviet Union were quickly overwhelmed, and Germany's victories were incredibly fast and efficient. User: 3/4 16/9 Weegy: 3/4 ? He continued, "We believe that by attacking with tanks we can achieve a higher rate of movement than has been hitherto obtainable, andwhat is perhaps even more importantthat we can keep moving once a breakthrough has been made. The idea behind popular sovereignty in the mid 1800s was allowing newly added territories to the United States to decide for themselves on the slavery issue. Rather than receiving an explicit order, a commander would be told of his superior's intent and the role which his unit was to fill in this concept. [38][39] The four editions of Field Service Regulations published after 1918 held that only combined-arms operations could create enough fire power to enable mobility on a battlefield. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Weegy: It went bankrupt happened to the Virginia Company once Jamestown was settled. Blitzkrieg is vulnerable to an enemy that is robust enough to weather the shock of the attack and that does not panic at the idea of enemy formations in its rear area. Whenever an individual stops drinking, the BAL will ________________. Military planners and bureaucrats in the war economy appear rarely, if ever, to have employed the term blitzkrieg in official documents. [citation needed] The reverse can be seen in the Russian summer offensive of 1944, Operation Bagration, which resulted in the destruction of Army Group Center. Once surrounded, the opposing army, demoralized and with no chance of escape, would face the choice of annihilation or surrender. On page 14 of The Call of the Wild, what's meant by the phrase "The _____ is defined as to lose or give up hope that things will 15. What fuel there was went to panzer divisions, and even then they were not able to operate normally. C. 80 square inches [60] It was Rommel who created the new archetype of Blitzkrieg, leading his division far ahead of flanking divisions. These forces would drive a breach in enemy defenses, permitting armored tank divisions to penetrate rapidly and roam freely behind enemy lines, causing shock and disorganization among the enemy defenses. = 15 * 3/20 [153] Their views had limited impact in the British army; the War Office permitted the formation of an Experimental Mechanized Force on 1 May 1927, composed of tanks, motorized infantry, self-propelled artillery and motorized engineers but the force was disbanded in 1928 on the grounds that it had served its purpose. Whenever an individual stops drinking, the BAL will ________________. Fighter-bomber attacks on German formations made movement during daylight almost impossible. C. a measure of gravitational force on an object. [citation needed], The Germans had not used paratroop attacks in France and only made one big drop in the Netherlands, to capture three bridges; some small glider-landings were conducted in Belgium to take bottle-necks on routes of advance before the arrival of the main force (the most renowned being the landing on Fort Eben-Emael in Belgium). The method of "terror", was denied to German aerial operations (and strategic bombing methods) by the Luftwaffe field manual, As far as the Ju 87 is concerned, it is thought the sirens were suggested to the Junkers company by, Now came the riposte - a counter-attack [] from the forest of Villers-Cotterets []. Case Yellow surprised everyone, overcoming the Allies' 4,000 armored vehicles, many of which were better than their German equivalents in armor and gun-power. 24 in. During the winter of 193940, Hitler demobilized many troops from the army to return as skilled workers to factories because the war would be decided by production, not a quick "Panzer operation".